Difference between revisions of "Introduction to Linux in HPC/Processes"
Introduction to Linux in HPC/Processes
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Latest revision as of 16:23, 4 December 2020
| Tutorial | |
|---|---|
| Title: | Introduction to Linux in HPC |
| Provider: | HPC.NRW
|
| Contact: | tutorials@hpc.nrw |
| Type: | Multi-part video |
| Topic Area: | HPC Platforms |
| License: | CC-BY-SA |
| Syllabus
| |
| 1. Background and History | |
| 2. The Command Line | |
| 3. Linux Directory Structure | |
| 4. Files | |
| 5. Text display and search | |
| 6. Users and permissions | |
| 7. Processes | |
| 8. The vim text editor | |
| 9. Shell scripting | |
| 10. Environment variables | |
| 11. System configuration | |
| 12. SSH Connections | |
| 13. SSH: Graphics and File Transfer | |
| 14. Various tips | |
This tutorial covers the basic principles and treatments of processes in the multi-user operating system Linux. It will explain the viewing (and killing) of processes with a text-based process manager and the execution of processes in background/foreground.
Video
Quiz
What does PID stand for?
How are the permissions of a process set?
Assign the commands their correct meaning
Exercises in Terminal
1. Start a process, bring it into background/foreground.
| Hint: |
To bring a process to background:
Press Ctrl-Z (pause the process).
Type bg (bring it to background).
To bring a process to foreground:
Display running "jobs" and identify the job ID: jobs
Type fg <job-ID> (bring it to foreground).
|
2. Start the task manager and identify the process with the largest memory usage.
| Hint: |
Start the process manager: top
Activate highlighting for current sort column: press 'x'
Select column to sort for: press '>' or '<' until column '%MEM' is acitve
(optional) Reverse sorting: press 'R'
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3. Start the task manager and filter processes of your user account.
| Hint: |
Start the process manager: top
Select username to filter: press 'u' and type in username
|
4. Start a process (e.g. sleep 10m) and kill it from a second console.
| Answer: |
Start the process: sleep 10m
Go to a second console.
Start the process manager: top
Filter process from your user account: press 'u' and type in your account name.
Identify the job ('sleep') and note the associated PID.
Kill it: press 'k' and type in the PID from previous step.
|